Our Approach · The Nervous System
61 lessons · four parts · one integrative state
The Nervous System
The complete index, built on clinical neuroscience and clinical neurochemistry, told through the Unified Model of Tone. Sixty-one lessons mapped from the single neuron and its chemistry to the whole integrated person, and the central integrative state we call tone.
This index is organized in four parts: how the nervous system is built and fueled, how it senses and moves, what the rest of the body sends it, and how it fails and recovers. The sixty-one lessons sit inside those four parts, in that order.
The full map · select any lesson to open it
How It Is Built and Fueled
The neuron, its chemistry, its fuel, and the blueprint it was built from
The nervous system is a chemical machine before it is anything else. Roughly eighty six billion neurons hold a resting potential near minus seventy millivolts, and holding it costs about half the brain's resting energy. The brain is two percent of body mass and takes twenty percent of the oxygen and glucose. Nineteen lessons on the neuron, the neurotransmitters, the fuel, and the blueprint.
The NeuronThe neuron, the synapse, and the neurotransmitters
The Neuron and the Integrative State
The Resting and Action Potential
The Synapse
Neuroglia and the Neurovascular Unit
The Neurotransmitters
Dopamine and the Monoamines
Serotonin and the Gut-Brain Link
GABA, Glutamate and the Balance
Acetylcholine
Excitotoxicity
The FuelMitochondria, glucose, and oxygen
The Four Neurochemical Priorities
Mitochondria and ATP
Oxygen, Red Cells and Anemia
Glucose and the Brain
The B-Vitamins and Cofactors
Methylation, Folate and MTHFR
Fuel Failure and Degeneration
The BlueprintEmbryology and the development of the nervous system
How It Senses and Moves
Sensation and movement, from the muscle spindle to the cortex
Sensation and movement are one loop read from two ends. Ninety percent of corticospinal fibers cross in the lower medulla, and the cerebellum alone holds sixty to eighty billion granule cells. Vestibular afferents idle near one hundred hertz so the system can signal in both directions at once. Twenty five lessons, from the muscle spindle to the cortex.
The SensesProprioception, the peripheral nerves, and sensation
The Muscle and the NMJ
Muscle Spindles and Proprioception
The Peripheral Nerve and Reflex
Sensory Processing
The PathwaysThe spinal cord and the autonomic nervous system
The Spinal Cord
The Cord and Nerve Root
The Autonomic Nervous System
Autonomic Regulation
The HindbrainThe brainstem, the cerebellum, and the vestibular system
Cranial Nerves I to VI
Cranial Nerves VII to XII
The Brainstem
The Brain-Heart Axis
Respiration and the Viscera
The Cerebellum
The Vestibular System
Vertigo, BPPV and Meniere
The ForebrainThe cerebral cortex, the basal ganglia, and the lobes
The Neurology of Movement
The Basal Ganglia
Eye Movements: Alignment
Eye Movements: Saccades and Pursuit
The Frontal Lobe
The Parietal Lobe and Attention
The Temporal Lobe
The Limbic System
Language and Hemisphericity
What the Rest of the Body Sends It
The HPA axis, the gut, the immune system, and the hormones
The brain is not sealed off from the body. Cortisol arrives in about forty pulses across a day, and eighty percent of vagal traffic runs from the viscera upward. Those inputs decide whether a nervous system runs hot, runs flat, or holds a steady tone. Seven lessons on the HPA axis, the gut, the immune system, and the hormones.
How It Fails and Recovers
Stroke, pain, headache, degeneration, and the plasticity that rebuilds
Failure is informative. Neurons fall silent after sixty to ninety seconds without oxygen, eighty five percent of strokes are ischemic, and eighty percent of striatal dopamine is gone before the first sign of Parkinson disease. Recovery runs on the same machinery, which is what the neurological exam reads and what neuroplasticity rebuilds. Ten lessons on breakdown and repair.
The BreakdownStroke, pain, headache, and neurodegeneration
The Cerebral Circulation
Stroke and Vascular Disease
Pain: Nociception
Pain: Chronic and Neuropathic
Headaches
Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration
Neuropathology
The ApplicationReading the system, restoring its tone
Questions About This Index
How is the nervous system section organized?
In four parts. Part one covers how the nervous system is built and fueled, from the neuron and its neurotransmitters to the mitochondria and the embryology. Part two covers how it senses and moves, from the muscle spindle to the cortex. Part three covers what the rest of the body sends it, including the HPA axis, the gut, and the immune system. Part four covers how it fails and recovers, from stroke and chronic pain to the neurological exam and neuroplasticity.
Where should I start reading?
Start with lesson one, The Neuron and the Integrative State, which sets up the idea the rest of the index rests on. If you came for one system, go straight to the part that holds it. Sensation and movement sit in part two. The gut, immune, and hormonal inputs sit in part three. Pain, headache, stroke, and rehabilitation sit in part four.